No Weight, No Problem: How to Use Crutches Like a Pro

Understanding Non-Weight Bearing Recovery

Crutches for non-weight bearing situations help you stay mobile while protecting an injured leg, foot, or ankle from further damage. When your doctor says "no weight bearing," they mean you cannot put any pressure on your injured limb - not even to touch the ground for balance.

Key essentials for non-weight bearing crutch use:

• Proper fit: Crutch tops should sit 2-3 finger widths below your armpit
• Weight placement: Support your body weight through your hands, never your armpits
• Gait technique: Move crutches first, then swing your good leg forward
• Safety first: Keep your injured leg completely off the ground at all times

Non-weight bearing periods typically last 5-8 weeks, depending on your specific injury. Following your doctor's weight-bearing restrictions is crucial - putting weight on your injured limb too early can delay healing or cause additional damage to bones, tissues, or surgical hardware.

The good news? With proper technique and the right equipment, you can maintain your independence and move around safely during recovery. Whether you're dealing with a fracture, post-surgery healing, or other lower leg injuries, mastering crutch use will help you steer daily activities with confidence.

Many people find crutches challenging at first, but like any skill, it gets easier with practice. The key is starting with proper fit, learning safe techniques, and taking your time as you build strength and coordination.

Getting Started: Sizing, Safety, and Setup

Learning to use crutches can feel overwhelming, but a solid foundation makes all the difference. This means proper fit, understanding your restrictions, and creating a safe environment for recovery.

Understanding Non-Weight Bearing and Crutch Types

Non-weight bearing is a strict medical order: absolutely zero weight on your injured leg, foot, or ankle. This allows bones, tissues, and surgical hardware to heal without disruption. Following this order is the fastest way back to your normal activities.

Crutches for non-weight bearing come in two main types:

• Axillary crutches are the traditional underarm style. They offer great stability for short-term use. The armpit pads are for balance, not for supporting your weight.
• Forearm crutches (Lofstrand crutches) have cuffs that wrap around your forearms. They allow more freedom of movement and are ideal for long-term use or navigating tight spaces.

Your healthcare provider will help you choose the best type for your needs.

How to Adjust Your Crutches for a Perfect Fit

A proper fit prevents secondary injuries like nerve damage or back strain. Improperly fitted crutches are a common cause of complications.

Here’s how to size your crutches for non-weight bearing:

1. Height: Stand straight in your usual shoes. The crutch tops should be two to three finger-widths below your armpits. This gap is critical to avoid nerve compression.
2. Handgrips: With your arms hanging relaxed, the handgrips should align with your wrists. When you hold them, your elbows should have a slight bend (15-30 degrees).
3. Posture: Keep your shoulders relaxed and look forward. Your weight must be on your hands, never your armpits.

If you're unsure, our nurse on staff at ProMed DME can help ensure a safe and proper fit.

Preparing Your Home for Safe Navigation

Your home needs a "crutch makeover" to prevent falls. Focus on creating a safe environment.

• Clear Pathways: Remove throw rugs, clutter, and anything else that could be a trip hazard.
• Secure Cords: Tape down or reroute electrical cords so crutch tips can't catch on them.
• Bathroom Safety: Use a non-slip bath mat and consider a shower chair. ProMed DME offers bathroom safety products to help.
• Keep Essentials Nearby: Reorganize items so they are between your waist and shoulder height to avoid reaching or bending. A backpack or fanny pack is great for carrying things.
• Ensure Good Lighting: Use nightlights in hallways and bathrooms for safe navigation after dark.
• Manage Pets: Be mindful of small pets that might get underfoot and create a fall risk.

Mastering Crutch Techniques for Non-Weight Bearing

Moving around with your crutches for non-weight bearing is a skill that improves with practice. It all starts with a stable base.

First, master the tripod position. Place your crutch tips about 12 inches in front of you and slightly to the sides, forming a stable triangle with your good foot. Your injured leg should be held off the ground. Your weight should rest entirely on your hands pressing down on the handgrips, not your armpits. This is your starting and ending position for every step.

How to Walk with Crutches for Non-Weight Bearing

There are two main walking techniques. Start with the first and progress to the second as you gain confidence.

The swing-to gait is best for beginners. From the tripod position, move both crutches forward about one step's length. Press down on the handgrips and swing your body forward, landing your good foot between the crutches. Pause to regain balance, then repeat.

The swing-through gait is more advanced and efficient. Move both crutches forward, press down, and swing your body through the crutches, landing your good foot about 12 inches in front of them. This requires more arm strength and balance.

Sitting Down and Standing Up Safely

Getting in and out of chairs requires a careful sequence.

To sit down: Back up to a sturdy chair until you feel it on your good leg. Hold both crutches in the hand on your injured side. Use your free hand to reach for the chair's armrest. Keeping your injured leg off the floor, slowly lower yourself onto the chair.

To stand up: Scoot to the edge of the chair. Hold both crutches in one hand. Push off with your good leg and your free hand on the armrest. Once you are stable, position your crutches for walking.

Common Mistakes to Avoid When Using Crutches

Avoiding common pitfalls is key to a safe recovery.

• Leaning on Armpits: This is the biggest mistake. Resting your weight on the crutch pads can compress nerves and blood vessels, leading to a condition known as crutch paralysis (axillary nerve palsy). Always support your weight with your hands.
• Looking Down: Staring at your feet throws off your balance. Keep your eyes up and look 10-15 feet ahead to spot obstacles.
• Rushing: Slow down. Trying to move at your pre-injury pace increases your risk of falling, which could set your recovery back significantly.
• Ignoring Equipment: Check the rubber tips on your crutches regularly. Worn tips are slippery and unsafe. ProMed DME stocks replacement tips to keep you safe.
• Wet Surfaces: Be extremely cautious on wet or icy surfaces. Take small steps or find an alternative route.

Navigating Stairs and Other Obstacles

Stairs and doorways can seem intimidating on crutches for non-weight bearing, but a simple technique makes them manageable. The key is to move slowly and deliberately.

Going Up and Down Stairs

Remember this phrase: "Up with the good, down with the bad." This tells you which leg leads. Your "good" (uninjured) leg goes first when climbing up, and your "bad" (injured) leg and crutches lead when going down.

Going Up Stairs: If there's a handrail, hold it with one hand and tuck both crutches under your other arm. Push down on the rail and crutches, and step up with your good leg. Then, bring your crutches and injured leg up to the same step. Pause and regain your balance before the next step.

Going Down Stairs: Hold the handrail and place your crutches on the step below you. Keep your injured leg extended forward. Support your weight with the handrail and crutches as you lower your good leg to the same step.

If you feel unsteady, it's always safer to sit and scoot. Sit on a step and use your hands and good leg to push yourself up or lower yourself down one step at a time.

Getting Through Doors and Around Tight Corners

Doors and tight spaces require a planned approach.

• Push Doors (open away from you): Open the door, place your crutches just inside the doorway to prop it open, and then swing your body through.
• Pull Doors (open toward you): Stand back, pull the door open, and use a crutch tip to hold it open as you move through.
• Tight Corners: Don't try to pivot. Make wide, gentle turns, moving your whole body and crutches together as a single unit.

The golden rule for all obstacles is to take your time. Rushing increases your risk of a fall and re-injury.

Beyond Crutches: Alternatives and When to Call Your Doctor

While crutches for non-weight bearing are effective, they aren't the only option. Depending on your lifestyle, injury, and home environment, an alternative mobility device might offer more comfort and freedom. At ProMed DME, we believe the right equipment can empower your recovery.

Alternative Mobility Devices for Non-Weight Bearing Situations

Exploring other options is a smart way to manage your healing period.

• Knee Walkers (Knee Scooters): These are a popular alternative. You rest your injured leg on a padded platform and propel yourself with your good leg. They have handlebars and brakes, offering excellent stability and reducing the upper body strain associated with crutches. They are great for covering longer distances.
• Hands-Free Crutch Devices: These innovative devices strap to your upper leg, holding your lower leg off the ground while keeping your hands free. This allows you to carry items or perform daily tasks more easily. Discuss with your doctor if this is suitable for your specific injury.
• Wheelchairs: A wheelchair may be the best choice if you have limited upper body strength or need to travel long distances. They provide comfort and stability.
• Leg Elevation Pillows: While not for mobility, these pillows are crucial for reducing swelling and pain when you are resting. They keep your leg at the optimal angle for healing.

ProMed DME stocks a full range of these solutions. Our nurse on staff can help you determine the best option, and we work with most insurance plans to minimize your costs.

When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider

Listen to your body and know when to seek medical advice. Contact your provider if you experience any of the following:

• Increased pain or swelling that doesn't improve with rest and elevation.
• Numbness or tingling in your injured leg or foot.
• Changes in skin color or temperature in your injured limb.
• Signs of infection, such as fever, chills, or increased redness or drainage from an incision.
• Sudden shortness of breath or chest pain, which could indicate a serious complication like a blood clot and requires emergency care.
• Persistent skin irritation or sores from your crutches or other equipment.
• Frequent loss of balance or falls, which means your current mobility setup may be unsafe.

Always attend your scheduled follow-up appointments. These are essential for monitoring your progress and safely transitioning back to weight bearing.

Conclusion

Learning to use crutches for non-weight bearing is a temporary challenge. Like any new skill, it becomes easier with practice. Your confidence will grow with each step you take.

Remember the key principles: keep all weight off your injured limb, ensure your crutches fit properly, and prepare your home to prevent falls. Master the walking techniques, be patient with obstacles like stairs, and don't hesitate to explore alternatives like knee walkers if crutches aren't working for you.

Most importantly, listen to your body and your healthcare team. Recovery can be frustrating, so be gentle with yourself and celebrate small victories.

At ProMed DME, we're here to support your healing journey. Based in Stuart, Florida, we ship top-quality medical equipment across the United States. Our dedicated nurse is available to answer questions, and we work with most insurance plans to make recovery affordable. We are committed to providing the tools you need to regain your independence safely.

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